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Ongoing coverage: Retailers pick sides on outside AI shopping agents

United Airlines requires written permission for AI agents but keeps search indexing open

United Airlines requires written permission for AI agents but keeps search indexing open
Image: Search Engine Journal

Terms updated November 11 also bar using United's fares and schedules to train or ground AI models, and travel agencies cannot use third-party agents.

Source: Search Engine Journal

United Airlines updated its website terms on November 11 so that any AI agent that searches, books or buys on united.com or in its app needs United's prior written permission, Search Engine Journal reported. Search engines may still index public pages, and standard browsers and assistive technology used by a person are exempt, but agent features built into browsers are not. The terms also bar using fares, schedules, availability or pricing to "train, fine-tune, ground, evaluate, or otherwise develop" an AI model.

United updated its contract of carriage the same day. Rule 6.J.6 adds using AI agents to make, modify or service a ticket to the prohibited practices, and Rule 5.H lets United cancel agent-made bookings without notice. According to United's FAQ, travel agencies and booking platforms may not use third-party AI agents for United travel, United works with no third-party agents yet, and bookings made before November 11 will not be canceled.

United says sharing logins with outside AI assistants can expose sensitive information and risks unintended purchases or use of MileagePlus miles, and that automated actions may violate FAA and DOT rules. CEO Scott Kirby said, "I don't want to create another middleman," according to The Wall Street Journal. SEJ noted that as of November 14 United's robots.txt named no AI agents, and that United does not say how it detects them.

Read the full article at Search Engine Journal

Our take

United shows a large merchant controlling agent access through binding terms rather than robots.txt, while keeping search traffic intact.

  • Check whether your terms, robots.txt and bot protection agree on what agents may do.
  • Decide whether your terms should bind agent operators and intermediaries, not only shoppers.
  • Watch how United enforces this, since it has not said how it detects agents.

Was our take useful?

Key takeaways

  1. United requires prior written permission for any AI agent booking on its site or app
  2. Search engine indexing of United's public pages stays allowed under the new terms
  3. United's contract lets it cancel AI-agent bookings without notice

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Illustration for Retailers pick sides on outside AI shopping agents
Illustration: Digital Influence

Ongoing story17 postsUpdated Nov 14

Retailers pick sides on outside AI shopping agents

The largest retailers and marketplaces are splitting over whether third-party AI agents can shop their stores.